Quick answer
Snowy Owls feed on mainly lemmings, adjusting with season, age, and what is abundant in Arctic tundra and open fields. That label is a preferred pattern, not every item an individual might sample.
Key takeaway
Snowy Owls feed on mainly lemmings, adjusting with season, age, and what is abundant in Arctic tundra and open fields. That label is a preferred pattern, not every item an individual might sample.
Snowy Owl diet overview
Snowy Owls (Bubo scandiacus) are best summarised as Carnivore (mainly lemmings). Anatomy and habitat (Arctic tundra and open fields) decide whether they hunt, graze, filter, scavenge, or mix strategies across the year.
How snowy owls find food
Energy-rich foods are prioritised when available; lean seasons force broader diets or longer travel. Young animals may eat different items or receive food from parents.
Snowy Owl role in the food web
As predators or scavengers, snowy owls move nutrients and influence prey or vegetation.
Feeding and human conflict
Never feed wild snowy owls. Habituation raises injury risk and can lead to lethal management. Captive diets must match species needs, not generic pet food rules.
Range and habitat
Snowy Owls inhabit The Arctic tundra of North America, Europe, and Asia, wintering farther south. Their preferred habitat includes arctic tundra and open fields, where they find food, shelter, and breeding sites. Population density varies with prey availability, water access, and human disturbance. Protected areas and intact corridors remain essential for long-term persistence across North America, Europe, Asia.
Physical characteristics and behaviour
Adult snowy owls typically measure about 0.66 m in length and weigh roughly 2 kg (4 lb). They can sprint at up to 80 km/h (50 mph) when hunting or escaping predators. Snowy Owls are known for the white owl of the arctic tundra — social structure, daily activity, and seasonal movements all reflect pressures in their native environment.
Sources
Snowy Owl FAQs
What do snowy owls eat?
Snowy Owls feed on mainly lemmings, adjusting with season, age, and what is abundant in Arctic tundra and open fields. That label is a preferred pattern, not every item an individual might sample.
What is the scientific name of the snowy owl?
Bubo scandiacus — used in research and conservation listings for snowy owls.
Where do snowy owls live?
They are associated with Arctic tundra and open fields. Local presence depends on food, cover, and human land use.
What is the conservation status of snowy owls?
Listed in our guides as Vulnerable. Check the IUCN Red List and national assessments for the latest formal category.